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                    <text>• Mach

2005
tioti$!A closet

featuee
3

ILLING
THE

GAP

CANADIAN GOVERNMENT
REPORT GARNERS AFN
ATTENTION

Aboriginal'student numbers
may be in decline due to lack Of
funding
AIMte VAN DRIMMEUN

THE UNK (CUP)
Despite tndjcauons over the past two
decades that the gap in
between

aboriginal and

people has

diminished, recent reports
that thcg
trends may be reversjng, especully in the area
of educatton
"In the last four years there has

literallyno progros in clCBtngthe gap in
graduation rates tktween Pirq Nations and

Canadian citizens. • stated the Assembly of First

Oue

Nations' (AFN) National (hef Phil Pontatne
in a Novemtrr 23 pres release.
this is Jeft
unchecked, it's gotng to create a crisis in the

Canadian economy. •

EDUCATION

The statement was sparked by the relear
that same day in Ottawa of the Auditor
General of Canada's report, which noted
•educational parity is still a lcmg way off foc

First Nations. •

Accordingto the AFN, the
Of
First Nationspeople in postecondary institutkms has been falling, with over 2,000fewer

enrolled in

than in

This is due not to lack of interest. but lack of
resources, said Fontaine

AIMÉE VAN DRIkMELEN

THE LM (CUP)

ooted in religious domination and colonialism, Canada's education system and its
agenda of assimilation, has always been a heavy burden for aboriginal people.
The sordid tales of past abuse in residentialschools have brought some of these
iSQJes
to the surface in recent years, fillingnewspapers and news broadcasts across the
country.But while residential schools are now closed, on an everyday level, the clash
l*tweenour current education system and the needs of aboriginalpeoples continues.

•we have 10.000First Nations stu&amp;nts on
waiting lusts,ready and Willingto further their

educatxynand culEibute to the «onomy,

but they cannot
the resources they
are rightfullyentided to." he stated, noting a

correlationtktween thee figurø and a genenl lack of funds available for First Natiotv
In 1996, the Government of Canada's
Student Support Program, ere
federal fund that allows many First Nations
students to attend school for free, was capped
at $237 rmlhon annually According to the
auditor's report and the AFN, this limit has put

•Tiereb a pp between formal education programs Indian Federated College (SIFC).Hß graduating clas was
Natk»ns' aspirations," writes University of the school's last In 2003.SIX proudly trcame the First
professor of law Patricia Monture-Agnus in
tX)0kTbun&amp; in My Soul: A Mohawk Woman

Nations University of Canada (FNUC) considered the
institutionof aboriginal leaming
country's
Heit knows firsthand the importanceof having accos

I unerstandthat gap to be a problem in educatim.•
Accordingto Monture-Angus,the problem lies in an to an educationsystemrealizedand run by aboriginal
of cultural relevance and sensitivity in both cur- people
and
can tell you now that none of my success would
The result: EPirstNations children
o
leave[the education) system with a positive First have been achieved had I choæn another facilityto purBunyargue that Canada's mainstream education sys-

m

sue my education.• he says. "Sure I would have done just
as well in many respects, but my time at SIPC held more

not rove the Capacityto ackquately address significanceto me and appealedto me in more ways
than a mainstreamcollege or universityever could have

•e correrru akme.

at the time.'

education alternatives
Danx)fiHeå graduated two years ago with an English

Although he grew up primarily within the city of

Regina. as a "status" First Nations r*rson, Heit was lucky

to receive funding to attend postsecondary education
IndianAn double major from the Saskatchewan through
his band, Mistawasis,

a conaraint on the number of First Nations
«udents who are able to access post secondam institutions
In a
Indian and Northern Affairs
Canada (INAC) report. Minister Andy Sott
stated that his department qould commit to
work with aboriginalpeople and •supB)rt and
enhance areas with the greatest potential to
produce lasting results for the largest number
of aboriginal people in need (which) tncluck
educauon and economic development.•
Some aboriginal-runpostsewndary education programs expected support in this
budget. They did not recerve it.
Acx•ordingto Scott, "INAC will work to
support First Nations school systems that have
the capacity to provide a quality of education
similar to that of provincial s»tems, including
comparable
for teachers, access
to special education services and support f6i'•g
early

development. •

�4

page)
He chc»e
SIFCtxxh build
Lndun education. fine arts, and
the
necessary to work in his cht.&gt; languages, co business, English, and sciand as •a pursuit of Rif-actual• ence- Accordingto Ileit, what students
izaOm.• to cultivate and strengtlEti bb
out
these many courses is an
Rknury as an indigenous
education atx»utthb country. us history.
A
student throughout eleits people but from a different
OEntary and secondary school, Heit
believes that ina&amp;quactes
Itte perspective is not new, he says,
•Before I started
university, had Nations people, but other minorities,
many questions that I couldnt aruwer.n including the mainstream.•
says. am bilingualin French and
Heit feels that the developmentof
English, which was what was taught and support for Schools like the FNUC
in elementaryand high schcx.)l.I had a are indications dut, •the barricades
of
fairly good education of European and the old standards of education
are being

Cree, Mohawk, and Inuit
After three yars of tuck-and•forth
negotiatioru within the university.
gram b now waiting for approval
Arts and Sciencæfuulty council,
•ryemblaysays cmald take a while.
She is hopeful that it will be approved

soon so they can move on to the next

descent, "Maybe it" a tourist
there's a recognition that thing,
people exist. In Montreal, aborigina
it
devoid of that,"
When
there

no organization by and for
nul students on the campus,

their active existence in the
past

principaux des universités de Qu
*Ille Native Friendship
Centre
and the Department of Education,
Montreal was founded by
"People are realizing that
students in the seventies,' Concordb
he
thaeit's timely: and that it's-relevani describing the
downtown organizatim

as a course of study,• says Tremblay. where he currently
holds a seat as

representative on the board of youth
directors
vas the Native Students'
oncea was finished high schod and
Saskatchewan and the rest of Canada
Associatbn
until it got its own
and the committee hope the program an autonomous funding and became
it dawned on me that very little of that
organintion
"People are being prepared for this will be implemented
by 2007.
"It was (also) the Native
information applied to me.
frightening and challenging future to
Students'
can count the number
times better equip themselves with an under. Aboriginal students Invisible,.
Native Education going,' he
I've used the [French) language with standing of each other,
continu«
•But when I got here, there was
less than my ten fingers in a situation the diversity of this (themselves). and despite actiw pa"
dynamic communino
Native
outside of school,' says Heit.
presence:
ty, (as well asl with a strong foundation
Open since 1992, the Centre for
With the support of the CNE,
•yet when I attended cerernonies on in their own chosen
field of study."
Native Education serves the aboriginal Brosseaustarted up a
the reserve,in the communityor at the
new Aboriginal
student population at Concordia and Students' Association for
FNUC,I couldnt understand a single Toward a union of minds In
Concordiathb
is
the
only
service
of its kind at the year. With 30 members already,
word out of the mouths of my own
the club
Quebec
university.
meets every Wednesday at
pie, and I still understand very little.'
-As an aboriginal person myself, L CNE to hang out, discuss noon at the
With three campuses in the
a varietyof
Even though there are
Saskatchewan cities of Regina, lion aboriginal people close to a mil- understand where aboriginal students issues, and plan future events.
from 11 different are coming from and what they're going
Having a
Saskatoon. and Prince Albert. the inde- nations including
Peoples' Studies
Inuit and Métis in the through,' says Tremblay, who is of Cree gram
pendent and aboriginal-run FNUCseeks province of Quebec,
like thecone
the works
there exists no
Concordia'ßwould be a further step
to •enhance the quality of life and aboriginal education
program in any of
uniting aboriginal students and improvto preserve, protect, and interpret the the province's 20
universities.
ing the educational experienceof an
history, language, culture, and artistic
Manon Tremblay of Concordia
I had a fairly good
students, says Brosseau, especially
heritage of First Nations,' according to University's Centre for
Native Education
Quebec, where he feels, "Nativeissues
its mission staternent.
education of European
(CNE)hopes that won't be the case for
have been shelved until now (and)need
Its predecessor, the SIFC, opened much longer. For the past
and Westemcurricuthree years,
to be revealed, and to become popular
its
to nine students in 1976,after Tremblay and others have
been planlum and culture, but
signing an agreement with the University ning a First Peoples' Studies
program
once I was finished
of Regina. Today, the FNUC maintains for Concordia.
Stepping on toes in Oe
high school and began
an average annual enrolment of over
planning committee, whose core
1,000 students, one-quarter of whom group includes people from the CNE,
searching for a life
come from outside of Saskatchewan aboriginal graduate students, and varifor myseff, it dawned
According to Trernblay, many
and represent every province and terri- ous professors,has already developed
on me that very little
fescrs face the challengeof teaching
tory in Canada.
the courses and curricula for the proof that information
classes filled with qudents from many
Enrolment in the university is open gram. lhey are now in the process
different nations. and in an effo«tto be
to aboriginals and non-aboriginals alike. of going through "several layers of
applied to me
all-encompassing, often over-generalize
Heit stresses that the FNUCis not an approval, and -back-and-forth negotiaTechers have little idea what kin&amp; of
institution dedicated solely to people of tions,• explains Tremblay.
otRacles aboriginal gudens are facFirst Nations decent, but rather one run
In the course of their planning,the
ing, and
s&amp;ools' curricula are
by First Nations educators for the ben- committee looked at all of the other ancestry
from Saskatchewan and ins not culturally sensitive, she explairb
efit of all people. As a .qudent, however, programs available across Canada for been working
at the CNEsince—I".
•Aba•iginal
feel like
toes are
he encountered misconcepdons about inspiration and ideas, including the
One of the
obstacles for
qepped on all die time.'
the school's inclusiveness.
SIFCtFNUC
studeno who come from small reerva
Tie current lack of aboriginal-sped"Ihere is fear of and resistance to
They found that while accounting for or communities is isoladon and shock,
ic curricula, with a focus the diverse
this kind of cultural development," says the multiplicity of cultures and traditions says Tremblay.
•Aboriginal studens are
religims, and culturs, a
Heit. "Severalnon-native people feel as of aboriginal people, similar programs (sometimes) worlds
apart from the main- source of cmtention within universtiö,
though the FNUCis just for First Nations tended to focus on the nations that are stream.
•
she nys.
people, (and] that this kind of education found in the geographical regions of
Some qudents feel that Montreal is
•StudenB feel alieruted beause
is a form of ostracizadon and segrega- each particular school.
lacking a strong aboriginal presence. curriculum does not reach out to them.
tion to further create an •us and them'
In the First People' studies program, Amijoseph Brosseau went to Concordia
and often has no bearing
thew
•
mentality.
certain courses will focus on issues from Victoria, B.C., last year and vas
live.'
•so much time is spent on educat- ommon to all aboriginal people, such surprised by what he feels is
During her years at the CNE,
ing the people of this country about as Canada's colonial history or docu- ibility of aboriginal students the invison that has heard the concems and complains
Europe, about Westem culture," says ments like the Indian Act (which will campus.
of many aboriginal stud&lt;its. The üfot•
Heit. "What the FNUCboils down to Is receive a whole class in itselD.A spefound it quite shocking coming madon given when Native Lesuesare
an institution that balances the scale of ciflc focus will be given to the people from the west coast where
there's been discussed is often inaccurate culturwhat we learn."
of Quebec with a special emphasis on a major renaissance (of First Nations' ally insensitive,
and it is cunmon to
school offers diverse programs, the province's three largest groups: the culture),' says Broseau, who
is of Métis focus on the negatives,she says.
While she understands it may take much
longer to wade through the bureaucracy
and is reluctant to make estimates, she

�IL

5

f'eopleS
5

feel that their contribuor, in the
cla.s dont count.

dry are tokenized and

on behalf of a whole
to speak

rte

sourceof students'concem
where non-Native

instructors are
Native topics

u believø that the only

peo-

to teach these
gho are qualified
aboriginal people thernselves.
"no matter how positive the
it's the relation of an

observer to

he says.
to the CNE
Shena student comes
usually
a complaint, Tremblay

that he or she approaches
professorin question after class to
the issues. "fie vast majorityof
aware they
umesprofessors are not
she says.
inappropriate,"
something
up.
very often ask for help to make there, as it was when I was growing
expanding into thousands," he says.
that next time what they say is It's
"Kids see that there is a future out there
Hate."
for them when they see the success of
the few among the negative images in
the media and in the .realitiessome of
U'inking and underthem face."
ng
Ihe First Peoples' Studies program
have a similar effect for Quebec.
could
against
charges
is
it
Whether
will "help
toon police officers for dumping According to Tremblay it
at,"
men outside of town on freez- others understand where we are
FNUC, the
the
like
because,
especially
tencontinual
the
or
nights
winter
interbetween numerous Mohawk resi- program will be open to "anybody
aboriginal
of Kanesatake and exiled Grand ested in knowing more about
James Gabriel, conflicts involving peoples."
Many people, aboriginal and nonpeoplesteceive little nuanced
alike, are beginning to see
aboriginal
the
in
attention
detailed
plysis or
media a shortfall aborigi- the evolution of aboriginal-realized edusocieducation programs are helping to cation programs as pertinent for
ety as a whole. Canadian Indian and
flify across the country.
programwould go a long way Northern Affairs Minister Andy Scott
what's going on," says recently pledged to work together with
understanding
lay, who points to education as First Nations people to "turn the corner
for
'tool for this understanding. "It is dif- without delay and provide support
Nations'
First
including
areas,
different
issues,
aboriginal
understand
to
taxation or reservations, without school systems.
A successful graduate of this very
the Indian Act, and what
vas meant to be throughout its various system, Heit believes that more institu. It is the only piece of legislation tions like the FNUC are needed. Ihe
brand of educagoverns a whole people in Canada... implementationof
it binds us from the moment we are tion reeks of relevance in this day and

age," he says.
"l totally support Concordia in their
obstaclesare for postsecondary edu- development of this kind of curriculum
without a history of Native educa- to fill long-empty gap that has been
•
—like the residential school system growing toward this union of minds.
The realization of a First Peoples'
and the sense of mistrust that (has
created in educational authorities," Studies program would be a first step
contfr•ues.•It has fostered a mental- in bridging —on equal terms —the longin parents that doesn't encourage kids standing divide between the educational
go to
And when they do go as experience of Canada's indigenous peothey mistrust everything."
ples and that of their colonizing society.
Heit has observed that one of the
process will require an immense
p«xitive impacts the FNUC and degree of critical thinking and underbefore it have had on his home standing, two things —if the past is any
ce is that of visibility.
indicator that are usually in short sup•For once, there are not just a hand- ply when Canadian society tries to come
falof educated First Nations people out to terms with its colonial past.

'People can't really understand what

4.

IS MCGILL?
How ACCOMODATING
McGilloffers a variety of services to its relatively small aboriginal community, centring around the First Peoples' House (FPH). Lynn Fletcher, an
administrativestaff member of FPH, spoke of the importance of these services
the
—such as hot lunch programs, elder visits, and community support —and
bonds they help to create.
hot lunch prc»
"Likewith all students, financial means can be meagre.
corne in from
Eiders
going.
(students)
keep
and
sickness
off
gram helps fight
neighbouring communities to share wisdom and give support. (FPHJis a glace
to feel at home."

While the focus of FPH LSon aboriginalstudents. in some ways it serves

the greater Montreal aboriginal community as well as non-aboriginals, argues
Associate Dean of Students unda Starkey.Starkey is temporarily fulfillingsome
of the responsibilitiesof the FPH coordinator while a search for a rrrmanent
replacement takes place. She says that the nature of some events put On by FPH
allows the centre to introduce aboriginal culture to non-aboriginals.

"(FPH's)mandate is to be there for McGillstudents. so progamming is

directed toward McGillstudents. However, an event like the pow-pow is open
to anyone, so in that way [FPHJcan sene the larger community as well. On
•
movie evenings aboriginal students bring along friends.
aboriginal comof
McGill's
and
allies
The Dailycontacted various members
munity for comment on this piece. However. there was a widespread reluctance to speak on the record. Many were supportive of The Daily's attempts

to increase coverage of aboriginalviewpoints, but were also apprehensive
about appearing to speak on behalf their community. A recurring feeling was
that, while relatively small, McGill's aborigirul community has many diverse
and highly personalized experiences that might not be captured adequately by
outside journalLsts.
Alex niompson, a non-at»riginal student involved in solidaritywork with
the McGillAboriginal community through the Aboriginal Students Network
(ASN),shared those concerns about speaking on the record. She did. however,
talk about another side to McGillthan the one Starkeyspoke of.
Iliompson noted that McGillacademia's sensitivity to First Peoples' persp«far from perfect. In particular, there is a dearth of readings frorn
tives is
aboriginal scholars and insensitive terminology is sometimes used in clas.

She also spoke of the reaction on the part of students to First People'

culture.

"People come to it with interest and respect, but not questioning their
asumptions,• said

According to Starkey,while McGillmakes an effort to accommodate and be
sensitive to the needs of its Aboriginal students in orientation programs, there
is also more that the Universitycan do.

—Risbi
Hargotun

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                    <text>11/6/21, 12:52 AM

McGill's Bicentennial Fails to Recognize Continued Colonial Role - The McGill Daily

The McGill Daily
LING 210 dropouts since 1911

McGill’s Bicentennial Fails to Recognize Continued Colonial
Role
Celebrating the founding of the University perpetuates an oppressive colonial narrative
by Kate Ellis and Pandora Wotton / April 1, 2021
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Yunjie Zhang
The bicentennial marks the 200th anniversary of the founding of McGill University. While the
administration sees this milestone as a cause for celebration, for the past 200 years, McGill
University has perpetuated the founding oppressive values of this colonial institution. 

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McGill's Bicentennial Fails to Recognize Continued Colonial Role - The McGill Daily

McGill’s bicentennial website features a timeline of McGill’s history, but this timeline is flawed
and incomplete. In highlighting social justice accomplishments, this timeline takes credit for
the work of racialized alumni, but fails to address McGill’s colonial history and present. The
timeline also fails to recognize the efforts of students in pushing for these changes and
improvements: for example, the introduction of an Indigenous Studies and Education task
force is noted as an achievement on the part of Provost and Vice-Principal (Academic)
Christopher Manfredi, but information regarding the Indigenous student led efforts to push
for these changes, including the successful campaign to implement the Indigenous Studies
minor program, are erased. The same goes for the information provided on the Plan to
Address Anti-Black Racism: there is no recognition of activist labour. We cannot allow McGill to
praise itself for the hard work of students and the community to fight and dismantle
colonialism at this institution, especially not while the University remains complicit in the
continued oppression of marginalized students – by failing to address the oppression that
stems directly from their preservation of colonialism, McGill continues to fail its marginalized
students.
It must be noted that it is impossible to decolonize a colonial institution, but the anti colonial
work of marginalized students is vitally important. All students must assist in the fight against
oppression on campus, and dismantle the inherent colonialism of this institution. McGill
cannot be decolonized, but the University must continuously be challenged to address its
harmful and unbalanced power dynamics, address its oppressive structures and systems, and
reckon with its history in a real and tangible way. 
These realities cannot be ignored. It is impossible for us to observe the bicentennial without
acknowledging and interrogating McGill’s ongoing role in settler colonialism. 
McGill University was founded in 1821, eight years after the passing of James McGill, who left
behind £10,000 and his 46-acre Burnside estate “to the Royal Institution for the Advancement
of Learning (RIAL), on the condition that they establish a college in his name within ten years
of his death.” These 46-acres are the traditional territory of the Kanien’kehá:ka – it was never
McGill’s land to own or bequeath. While historical narratives often portray James McGill as a
hard-working man who acquired his wealth independently, he enslaved at least eight Black
and Indigenous people. McGill’s bicentennial materials (technically) acknowledge this, but
navigating to the page where they do so requires the user to click through multiple
inadequately labelled pages. You have to be looking for this content to find it, so someone who
does not know about James McGill’s life would not naturally come across it. Furthermore,
McGill does not begin to grapple with the fact that celebrating this anniversary at all includes
celebrating the conditions in which the University was built.
Although McGill claims to acknowledge the “deep, long-lasting adverse impacts that
[enslavement has] exerted on Black and Indigenous communities,” the school’s administration
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McGill's Bicentennial Fails to Recognize Continued Colonial Role - The McGill Daily

has taken no action to support the efforts of Black and Indigenous communities in addressing
these impacts. University administration continues to ignore the demands of current Black
and Indigenous students, including continued demands to take down the statue of James
McGill on the downtown campus. In contrast to the large and prominent statue of James
McGill on campus, monuments and information that recognize the real history of the
University are hard to find; Hochelaga Rock, a monument that acknowledges the Indigenous
history of the land campus is situated on, is small and shoved out of sight.
McGill’s Action Plan to Address Anti-Black Racism includes a commitment to create a
“Working Group on African and Black Studies to explore options for the expansion of the
Program’s scope to include African diasporic/Black studies and to build its research capacity.”
However, as former McGill professor Rachel Zellars notes, “African Studies is not the place to
develop a rich and varied discipline that addresses the breadth of Black Canada’s history and
people or the radical epistemological underpinnings that guide Black and Africana Studies.
Simply, McGill must commit to and fund a stand-alone Africana (or Black Canadian, or Black
Diasporic) Studies program.” Furthermore, McGill commitments to exploring options while
completely disregarding the work that Black students have been doing for years to implement
this type of program. Since as early as 1991, Black McGill students have been demanding the
creation of a Black or Africana studies program, which still does not exist at McGill. In 2000,
members of the Africana Studies Committee (a subcommittee of the Black Students Network)
created a 24-page paper describing a proposed implementation of an Africana Studies
program. This report was shelved, without any portion of it being implemented by the
University. As of 2018, students were still asking McGill to implement the program to no avail.
McGill has also ignored the concerns of Indigenous students countless times. From 1927 to
2019, the McGill men’s varsity sports teams were named after an anti-Indigenous slur. Despite
claims from people involved in varsity athletics that the name simply referred to the school’s
team colours, McGill athletics used images of Indigenous people as logos and mascots from
1951 until 1992 and only stopped after continued lobbying by student groups. While the
Athletics Board acknowledged that the name could be interpreted as anti-Indigenous, it
ignored the demands of Indigenous students to change the name of the teams, saying in 1992
that “unless [they found] historical evidence which [established] that the R*dmen name came
from other than the colour of McGill’s uniforms,” they intended “to preserve the traditional
name for our men’s teams.” McGill only agreed to change the name after years of activism by
Indigenous student groups, a SSMU referendum that gathered over 6000 votes (a
disproportionately large number), and extensive consultations with “stakeholders” that
demonstrated McGill’s commitment to protecting potential donors over Indigenous students.
These instances of anti-Black and anti-Indigenous racism are just a few of many perpetrated
by the school’s administration over its long history. These are not the only times McGill has
ignored Black and Indigenous students, and they’re continuing to do it today, 200 years later:
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McGill's Bicentennial Fails to Recognize Continued Colonial Role - The McGill Daily

the overwhelming lack of Black faculty members, refusal to divest from pipelines and fossil
fuels, and a persistent commitment to “academic freedom” at the expense of racialized
students all contribute to the continuation of oppression at McGill. Colonialism is endemic at
McGill, and by looking back on this history we can see that the University has made very little
progress to even mitigate the harms of systemic discrimination. 
The University and the McGill community must first recognize the presence of colonialism on
campus in order to take action and support groups in our community that have historically
been ignored and oppressed. Instead of attending bicentennial events, we, as students, should
support the efforts of Black and Indigenous student groups, including the Black Students’
Network, Take James McGill Down, and the Indigenous Students Alliance.

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                    <text>11/6/21, 12:53 AM

One Year Later, COVID Continues to Impact Our Lives - The McGill Daily

The McGill Daily
LING 210 dropouts since 1911

One Year Later, COVID Continues to Impact Our Lives
Reflecting on a year of the pandemic
by Editorial Board, Kate Ellis and Willa Holt / March 22, 2021
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Viola Ruzzier
On March 13, 2020, McGill University cancelled classes for what students hoped would be an
overcautious two-week break. The following day, the Daily released our first article covering
the pandemic, an editorial intended to clarify new, confusing information and encourage
responsible behaviour for public health amidst rising case counts. Just over a year later, the
COVID-19 pandemic has become a part of our daily lives. Where older articles may have
clarified terminology and contextualized the novel coronavirus, this technical information has
become common knowledge, and we now use terms like “social distancing” and “contact
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One Year Later, COVID Continues to Impact Our Lives - The McGill Daily

tracing” without a second thought. In spite of the increase in public understanding of COVID19, the systemic issues exacerbated by the pandemic remain as important as they are
underreported.
Among the communities disproportionately affected by the pandemic over the past year are
those living in precarious housing situations. Two weeks after McGill closed its campuses,
Quebec’s eviction moratorium was in full effect. However, this measure did not protect
residents from long-term economic struggle or the housing crisis more broadly, which
continues to worsen as the pandemic drags on. More recently, Montreal’s unhoused residents
have been expected to comply with Quebec’s evening curfews, despite an overwhelming lack
of space in shelters across the city. Unhoused Montrealers are still subject to COVID-19-related
fines, as the city focuses its funds towards the SPVM over social services. In the midst of a crisis
in which Quebec residents should expect to rely on their government to ensure their safety,
many people are facing a double threat of contagious disease and state violence.
Early in the pandemic, inmates at the Laval Migrant Prison began a hunger strike against
unacceptable public health violations at the facility. Despite an initial success during which
many inmates were released, the systemic harm enacted by the prison continued to threaten
the lives and psychological well-being of incarcerated people. After a call over the summer to
release more prisoners in light of ongoing poor conditions, including isolation from showers
and entertainment as well as a heightened risk of contracting COVID-19, inmates at the Laval
Migrant Prison began a second hunger strike approximately one year after the first. The
punitive injustice system upheld by prisons categorically functions to continually harm already
vulnerable populations – the pandemic has only made this more apparent. 
Indigenous communities and nations are also at a significant disadvantage in facing the
COVID-19 pandemic. Within the first month of the pandemic, as ecofascist rhetoric surged
with the claim, “we are the virus,” the colonial government’s egregious treatment of First
Nations during previous epidemics such as H1N1 raised significant concerns for how
Indigenous communities would be treated during this one. These fears were realized as the
government deliberately disregarded the safety of Indigenous communities while case counts
and death tolls rose. Although Justin Trudeau promised to end all boil water advisories on First
Nations land by March 2021, the pandemic provided a convenient excuse to postpone this
deadline, despite the fact that clean water is an even more essential resource during a public
health crisis. The colonial government’s deliberate disregard for the safety of Indigenous
communities intersects with its violence against incarcerated and unhoused populations, of
which Indigenous people comprise a disquieting share.
As people across Quebec and Canada began to self-isolate and work from home, challenges
also emerged on an individual level. Increased time spent on the internet, alone, and under
chronic stress continues to exacerbate mental health conditions – including eating disorders –
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to which university students are already particularly susceptible. The COVID-19 pandemic has
also put additional pressure on interpersonal relationships, and quarantine confinement has
led to an increase in domestic and gender-based violence globally. These issues, which are
often made invisible even during a “normal” year, endanger lives in ways that can’t be included
in traditional epidemiological death counts. But mental health difficulties and interpersonal
violence are direct consequences of the virus, consequences we can’t dismiss as fringe cases
or collateral damage. Though the people struggling with these issues may be physically
isolated from each other, their experiences are related to systemic issues that our
governments must take seriously. 
Inequities have also been revealed on an international scale, which are just as important to
examine as those playing out in Montreal. Since the onset of the pandemic, there has been a
drastic increase in racism and xenophobia, which have led to acts of extreme violence against
Asian people. Financial disparities across the globe have led to uneven distributions of
vaccines: wealthier countries hoard higher quantities of COVID-19 vaccines, a phenomenon
also called “vaccine nationalism.” This is not purely a product of the pandemic – as staff writer
(and former Sci+Tech Editor!) Nabeela Jivraj explains, it is not only governments who
contribute to vaccine nationalism, but also major corporations profiting from the pandemic
itself. Because vaccinations are easier and more accessible in certain countries, wealthy
individuals have begun to travel across state, provincial, or even national borders to receive a
vaccination. This trend, known as “vaccine tourism,” not only poses further health risks
associated with travel, but also places the needs of the vaccine tourist over the needs of the
community they are exposing to further risk.
The Daily has also covered the injustices both revealed and created by the pandemic at McGill.
The beginning of the pandemic saw students on exchange facing problems and a lack of
accommodations from the University. Later on, we faced the transition to online learning,
which came alongside unclear communication, constant zoom fatigue, and other inequities.
In September 2020, staff writer Maya Ibbitson discussed the ways that COVID-19 was
impacting students financially in our Features section.
Throughout the entirety of the pandemic, we have also seen the mistreatment of TAs and
other student workers, who have been exposed to unsafe and precarious working conditions.
Student workers are not the only ones who have faced unsafe conditions at the hands of
McGill – in January 2021, News Editor Emily Black reported on the volatile conditions
experienced by students at the Ingram School of Nursing, including major changes to the way
classes and clinicals were carried out, burnout experienced by students, and mounting
expectations. Student Housing and Hospitality Services also made the controversial decision to
change its residence handbook permitting the eviction of students from residences for
violating public health measures surrounding COVID-19, which reporter Saylor Catlin explained
in a February 2021 news article.
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One Year Later, COVID Continues to Impact Our Lives - The McGill Daily

COVID-19 has drastically changed the way we think about accessibility, as accommodations
that were previously written off as impossible for disabled folks (including telemedicine and
remote work) became widely available. Although it is long before we will return to “normal,” as
vaccines become available and McGill alleges that we will return to in-person instruction this
autumn, there is uncertainty around the future of accessibility. 
With case numbers remaining high and vaccine rollout leaving much to be desired, it is just as
important to support each other now as it was a year ago. Throughout the pandemic, activists
and advocates have done important local work to support our communities, and it is
important both to recognize and to support these efforts. In Montreal, this includes mutual aid
and community organizations such as Hoodstock, COVID-19 Mutual Aid Group, and Head and
Hands. It is also important to continue to follow public safety guidelines like wearing a mask
and maintaining social distancing.
As an editorial board, we recognize that the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and are
committed to covering the virus and its lingering effects with responsibility and accuracy. We
will continue to hold our institutions accountable in a tumultuous time and uplift marginalized
voices.
If you have any feedback regarding our ongoing COVID-19 coverage, we encourage you to
reach out via our public feedback form.

The opinions expressed in this article reflect the views of The McGill Daily’s Editorial Board. This
article was written by Coordinating Editor Kate Ellis and Managing Editor Willa Holt, with
additional reporting from Culture Editor Sara Hashemi.

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                    <text>11/6/21, 12:20 AM

Social Work Students Urge Faculty to Express Solidarity - The McGill Daily

The McGill Daily
LING 210 dropouts since 1911

Social Work Students Urge Faculty to Express Solidarity
Bureaucratic red tape presents barrier to institutional action
by Willa Holt / October 27, 2020
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Daisy Sprenger
In light of student activism on campus, some Canadian universities have begun drafting
action plans, forming committees, and reexamining their violent histories. However, many
students – especially Black and Indigenous students and students of colour – remain
frustrated. In response, many are pushing their schools even harder to improve their policies
and stand up for their racialized students. At McGill, this momentum is coming to a head in
the School of Social Work, where students are becoming increasingly dissatisfied with what
they feel are slow, unresponsive bureaucratic systems. Codey Martin, a U2 Social Work student
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Social Work Students Urge Faculty to Express Solidarity - The McGill Daily

from Listukuj – a Mi’kmaq community on the Gaspé Peninsula – is among those who have
been pressuring the School to act in solidarity with Indigenous communities across Canada. 
Martin, who is also a part of the Race Caucus at the School of Social Work, has reached out
repeatedly to ask the School for concrete solidarity action, beginning with a letter affirming its
support for Indigenous communities. Throughout his time in Social Work, Martin told the

Daily, conversations around “allyship” have been constant. He explained, however, that these
conversations have seldom led to real change. “It’s kind of time to put those words into action,”
Martin said, “[and] not just have these five minute discussions in the classroom and walk away
from it.” The School of Social Work has a history fraught with colonial exploitation to reckon
with, according to Martin, citing its reliance on Indigenous communities for research purposes
without effectively giving back to those communities. “A lot of Indigenous communities are
tired of being dissected at [an] academic level.” Martin and others are finding land
acknowledgements and brief statements in Social Work not enough. “If you don’t want to be
part of the bigger picture, you need to stop using terminology like ‘decolonizing,’
‘reconciliation,’ you know?”
Wanda Gabriel, an Assistant Professor in Social Work who is originally from Kanehsatà:ke,
empathizes with students’ frustrations. Academic institutions, she says, aren’t used to having
difficult conversations. “I don’t think that universities have caught up,” she told the Daily.
“We’re not getting there fast enough […] to meet the students where they’re at.” But that’s not
to say that nothing is happening on the part of the School. Speaking to student concerns
about delays in releasing a solidarity statement, Gabriel explained, “The bureaucracy of
academia is so huge […] there’s all this red tape to get through.” This is especially true for the
School of Social Work, whose internal governance structure is still in the process of being
solidified. Gabriel, who also serves as the director of Indigenous Access McGill (IAM), explained
that some of the barriers students face come as a result of this administrative confusion: until
very recently, “There hasn’t been a governance structure in place that determines how the
School of Social Work governs itself.” In addition to a lack of clear administration, the School
doesn’t currently have a clear equity structure, making it difficult for students to
navigate/access resources.
Last year, the School established a School Council, which serves as “the primary decisionmaking body” for Social Work. It’s at an upcoming meeting of this council that many students
in Social Work, including Codey Martin, intend to voice their concerns and grievances. Jo Roy,
another U2 Social Work student, explained that students who have felt largely unheard will be
attending the session on October 28 to continue to “speak their truth about the racism they
face in the classroom.” Martin encouraged students from other Faculties to attend and to pay
attention, emphasizing the importance of solidarity between communities when facing issues
like institutional racism. “I want to spread awareness of, you know, racism across the board and

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Social Work Students Urge Faculty to Express Solidarity - The McGill Daily

the hardships that Indigenous people are facing today in 2020. So I’m looking forward [to] a
good outcome from all nationalities.”
The October 28 School Council meeting is also serving another critical purpose — to ratify the
new Equity Diversity Decolonization Indigenization Initiative (EDDII) and the related EDDII
Strategic Plan. The EDDII is an initiative, not a committee: it’s composed of participants, not
members, all of whom have equal decision-making power in terms of the EDDII’s actions. In an
email to the Daily, a representative from the EDDII explained that this structure came as a
result of consultations with students, and that the initiative’s goal is to “support and track” the
implementation of a 4-year action plan, which will focus on decolonization, indigenization, and
centering anti-Black racism. Though several students have reported discomfort or
dissatisfaction with a lack of action on the part of the EDDII, its ultimate impact won’t become
clear until after its ratification (or rejection) at the School Council meeting. 
In the meantime, students in Social Work are left without a clear path to solidarity or equity
from the School. Codey Martin told the Daily, “You would expect that with all the committees
and all the initiatives, that they would have just done something on their own. I feel like there
probably is a lot of labor that’s outsourced to students.” The next step, according to Martin and
Roy, is to be “really vocal” at the October 28 meeting. Across the board, from students to
professors, the Social Work community emphasized the importance of advocating for
improvements together. Where Martin focuses on international, inter-community alliance,
Professor Gabriel framed it in terms of being a good relative. Speaking with the Daily, she
explained, “Being a good relative comes from Indigenous ways of knowing and being seen. […
It means] be[ing] able to stand with, and sometimes to speak on behalf of [each other].” One
Social Work professor also emphasized the importance of these student mobilizing efforts,
saying that this work is messy and uncomfortable, but crucial, and will ultimately allow
students to get the resources and support they need to excel as social workers.
The lack of such resources is a key point of tension for students like Roy, who told the Daily that
“the School’s actions run against everything our profession is supposed to stand for.”
While Social Work students wait for more accessible institutionalized equity resources, IAM
continues to provide support for Indigenous students. Speaking on behalf of IAM, Professor
Gabriel said, “If students need us to advocate, we will advocate. If we need to just stand with
the students, we’ll stand with the students.”

Professor Gabriel, on behalf of IAM, provided the following resources for Indigenous students:
Calling the IAM office at 514-398-2129 (home office 450-479-8777)
Attending IAM’s monthly Zoom check-ins
Accessing the First Peoples’ House
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Social Work Students Urge Faculty to Express Solidarity - The McGill Daily

Calling the Hope For Wellness Helpline at 1-855-242-3310

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                    <text>11/6/21, 12:24 AM

Plan to Address Anti-Black Racism Released - The McGill Daily

The McGill Daily
LING 210 dropouts since 1911

Plan to Address Anti-Black Racism Released
Statue of James McGill to Remain on Campus
by Abigail Popple / October 19, 2020
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On September 30, Principal Suzanne Fortier sent an email to McGill students and staff
announcing the release of McGill’s Action Plan to Address Anti-Black Racism. The plan is
modeled on McGill’s Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Plan, with a distinct focus on the
needs of Black students and staff.
While some elements of the plan will go into effect immediately, others will not take place for
several months. The final decision about what will be done with the statue of James McGill will,
for example,  be made “by the end of the Bicentennial year,” beginning in March 2021. In the
meantime, a plaque explaining James McGill’s connections to slavery will be placed next to his
statue. When the University administration was asked about the delay in removing the statue
during a press conference, Associate Provost of Equity and Academic Policies Angela Campbell
explained that “the commitment is to look at the most suitable location of the statue,” and
claimed that members of the Black community at McGill have said that “the statue is not the
priority.” Similarly, Vice-Principal Academic Christopher Manfredi stated that the plan aims to
contextualize, not remove, iconography on campus. Manfredi pointed to the final report of the
“Working Group on Principles of Commemoration and Renaming,” which recommended that
McGill contextualize its iconography. However, the organizers of the Take James McGill Down
campaign expressed disappointment with the university’s reluctance to remove the statue in
their response to the release of the Action Plan, writing that placing a plaque next to the
statue is “a misuse of time and resources” and “insincere pandering.” They also affirmed that
the removal of the statue was “a primary component of [their] petition.”
Still, Campbell and Manfredi maintained that student feedback will be an important factor in
all decisions relating to the Action Plan. Campbell emphasized that student feedback will be “a
central guiding thread” to the design of an online learning module about systemic racism
modeled after “It Takes All of Us.” The criticism which “It Takes All of Us” received upon its
implementation will be used to modify online learning modules in the future, Campbell
claimed. Manfredi followed Campbell’s comments by alleging that, despite the lack of harsh
consequences for not completing “It Takes All of Us,” the program has an almost 100 per cent
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Plan to Address Anti-Black Racism Released - The McGill Daily

completion rate. Campbell also cited the inclusion of students in the revision of the university’s
policies on harassment and discrimination as an example of student involvement in the
implementation of the Action Plan.
In addition to the creation of this module, the plan states that McGill will work with Teaching
and Learning Services (TLS) to “support the development of inclusive pedagogies… without
interfering with the freedom of individual instructors to determine the content of their
courses.” Campbell clarified that this will involve hiring a pedagogical developer in TLS, and
that professors will not be punished for not having inclusive material in their classes. Instead,
Campbell hopes that the plan will build “capacity… [and] awareness and knowledge among
instructors,” and believes the creation of inclusive classroom environments will be incentivized
by the “excellence in teaching” awards that department chairs distribute.
In order to hold the University accountable to the commitments made in the Action Plan,
Campbell has stated that a dedicated project manager will be hired. University administrators
will also meet with members of the Black community three to four times a year, and a Black
Student Affairs Liaison will be appointed “to facilitate the sharing of student concerns and
questions with McGill’s administration.” The plan does not detail how often these meetings will
be held, or what they will entail. Manfredi stressed that students must hold each other
accountable, too: “The university’s not just the administration. The university is 50,000 people
who are members of the community, 40,000 students, 10,000 employees. And I think it’s
important that we all hold ourselves accountable to making sure that anti-Black racism is
diminished within our community.” Manfredi also claimed that, according to surveys
conducted by the university, many of the microaggressions that students experience have
come from their peers. The Code of Student Conduct and Disciplinary Procedures will serve to
discipline students for creating a “non-respectful environment,” per Manfredi; however,
Manfredi did not specify how university faculty will be held accountable for discriminatory
behavior. Campbell hopes to increase general access to reporting channels to disclose
discriminatory behavior, “much in the same way as we… facilitated easier access to reporting
channels for sexual violence.”
To further support racialized students at McGill, the University will appoint “at least one
Wellness Advisor or Counsellor with expertise in connection with the psychological impacts of
racism.” Students have historically had difficulty accessing mental health resources from the
Wellness Hub, but Campbell says that the University will make adjustments to the program if
racialized students cannot reliably access this resource. Currently, only 28 per cent of
counsellors at the Hub identify as members of racialized groups, and there is one Indigenous
case manager.
As many of the commitments in the Action Plan will not be implemented immediately, it is
unclear how the plan as a whole will be put into effect. Per Manfredi, a website will be created
k
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https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2020/10/plan-to-address-anti-black-racism-released/

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Plan to Address Anti-Black Racism Released - The McGill Daily

to track McGill’s progress on the application of the plan – he did not specify what the name of
this website will be, nor when it will be created. Regardless, the Daily will continue to report on
the University’s fulfillment of the Action Plan.

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